Intshayelelo

Kwimilomo yomlilo yaselwandle, iWheel Mark ibonisa okungaphezulu kokuthobela imithetho eqhelekileyo: ibonisa ukuba izixhobo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zeMarine Equipment Directive zokusetyenziswa kwiinqanawa ezineflegi ye-EU nakwezinye iinqanawa ezilandela imigangatho efanayo. Oko kubalulekile kuba imilomo yomlilo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kukhuseleko ezixhomekeke ekuhlolweni, kuhlolwe amaxwebhu, kwaye kukho iimeko zokusebenza ezifuna ukwenziwa elwandle. Eli nqaku lichaza oko kuqinisekiswa yi-MED, indlela iWheel Mark enxulumene ngayo novavanyo kunye nolawulo lwemveliso, kunye nesizathu sokuba ichaphazele ukwamkelwa kweenqanawa, izigqibo zokuthengwa, kunye nokuvezwa kwiindleko zokubamba okanye zokutshintsha. Ngaloo meko, amacandelo alandelayo ahlola iziphumo ezisebenzayo nezisemthethweni zokukhetha imilomo eqinisekisiweyo okanye engathobeliyo.

Kutheni Uphawu Lwevili Lubalulekile Kwii-Nozzles Zomlilo

I-Marine Equipment Directive (MED) 2014/90/EU imisela isakhelo solawulo oluqinileyo lwezixhobo zokhuseleko lwaselwandle, esimelwe ngokubonakalayo yiWheel Mark of conformity.imilomo yomliloezithunyelwa kwiinqanawa zorhwebo, esi siqinisekiso asikokuba nje luphawuumgangatho; yimfuneko esemthethweni engqongqo kwiinqanawa ezibhabha iflegi yelizwe elililungu leManyano yaseYurophu, kunye neenqanawa ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe ezithobela imigangatho efanayo yolwandle. Uphawu lwevili lubonisa ukuba izixhobo ziphumelele uvavanyo oluqinileyo lokuvunywa kohlobo kwayeumenziigcina imeko yemveliso elawulwa kakuhle.

Ukuxhobisa inqanawa ngeempumlo zomlilo ezingathobeliyo imithetho kungenisa iingozi ezinkulu zomthetho, zemali, kunye nezokusebenza. Iindawo zaselwandle zifuna izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi anetyuwa okugqithisileyo, ukusebenza koxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, ukuqonda impembelelo yolawulo kunye nokusebenzayo yeWheel Mark kubalulekile kubakhi beenqanawa, abaqhubi beenqanawa, kunye neengcali zokuthenga ezilawula uluhlu lwezinto zomlilo zaselwandle.

Impembelelo ekwamkelweni kweenqanawa kunye nokuhlolwa kwazo

Ubukho kunye nokusebenza kweWheel Mark kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukwamkelwa kwenqanawa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwePort State Control (PSC). Abahloli bahlola ngokungqongqo izixhobo zokhuseleko; imilomo yomlilo engenazo iimpepha ezifanelekileyo zeMED okanye iimpawu zomzimba zizizathu ezikhawulezileyo zeengxelo zokusilela. Kwiimeko ezinzima, izixhobo zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo ezingathobeliyo zinokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwenqanawa.

Impembelelo yemali yolu hlobo lokubanjwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Inqanawa yorhwebo elibazisekileyo inokubangela ilahleko yokusebenza yemihla ngemihla ukusuka kwi-$20,000 ukuya kwi-$50,000, ngaphandle kwezohlwayo okanye ixesha elibekiweyo lokuqesha. Ngaphezu koko, irekhodi lokubanjwa liyawuthoba umngcipheko wenqanawa emehlweni ababhali beinshurensi kunye nabaqashi, nto leyo eyenza ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kweemfuno zeWheel Mark kube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lomngcipheko waselwandle.

Ulwalamano neemfuno ze-SOLAS, udidi, kunye neflegi

I-MED isebenza njengendlela ye-European Union yokunyanzelisa iSivumelwano seHlabathi soKhuseleko loBomi eLwandle (i-SOLAS), ngakumbi iSahluko II-2, esilawula ukhuseleko lomlilo, ukufunyanwa komlilo, kunye nokuphela komlilo. Ngelixa i-SOLAS ibonelela ngomgangatho obanzi wehlabathi, i-MED iguqulela le miyalelo kwiimfuno ezithile zobugcisa kunye neenkqubo zokuvavanya iinqanawa ezineflegi yaseYurophu.

Iintlangano zokwahlulahlula, ezifana ne-DNV, i-Lloyd's Register, kunye ne-Bureau Veritas, zihlala zisebenza njengeeNotified Bodies phantsi kwesakhelo se-MED. Le mibutho yenza uvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa okufunekayo ukukhupha izatifikethi zeWheel Mark. Inqanawa esebenza phantsi kweflegi ye-EU ifuna ukuthotyelwa kwe-100% kwimigangatho ye-MED kwizixhobo zayo zokhuseleko ezisemthethweni. Amazwe angekho phantsi kweflegi ye-EU adla ngokuqaphela okanye agunyazise isiqinisekiso seWheel Mark, esibona njengomgangatho wegolide ohlangabezana nokutolikwa kwawo kwesizwe kweemfuno ze-SOLAS.

Oko Kugutyungelwa Sisatifikethi se-MED

Isatifikethi se-MED seempumlo zomlilo siquka uvavanyo olupheleleyo loyilo lwemveliso kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa bomenzi. Lo myalelo uhlela izixhobo zaselwandle zibe zizinto ezithile; iimpumlo zomlilo zeentlobo ezimbini zihlala ziwela phantsi kwento ethi MED/3.55. Ukuze kufezekiswe isiqinisekiso, abavelisi kufuneka babonise ukuba iimpumlo zabo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokusebenza echazwe kwimigangatho yaseYurophu ehambelanayo, ikakhulu uthotho lwe-EN 15182, oluchaza iimfuno zeepayipi zamasebe eziphathwa ngesandla zokusetyenziswa kwenkonzo yomlilo.

Ububanzi bemveliso kunye neendlela zokuvunywa

Indlela yokwamkelwa kweWheel Mark ngokubanzi ifuna indibaniselwano yeemodyuli zovavanyo lokuhambelana. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yiModule B (EC Type Examination) edityaniswe neModule D (Production Quality Assurance). Phantsi kweModule B, iNotified Body ivavanya ngokungqongqo iprototype ye-fire nozzle ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyilo luhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ze-EN 15182 kunye ne-SOLAS ezifanelekileyo.

Nje ukuba iprototype idlule, iModule D ifuna ukuba umenzi agcine inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho evunyiweyo, eqhele ukuhambelanaI-ISO 9001, ngokukodwa kwimveliso, ukuhlolwa kokugqibela kwemveliso, kunye novavanyo. Okanye, abavelisi banokudibanisa iModule B neModule E (Uqinisekiso loMgangatho weMveliso) okanye iModule F (Uqinisekiso lweMveliso), nangona iModule D isengumgangatho weshishini wokwenziwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko ngobuninzi obuphezulu nangokuqhubekayo.

Uyilo, izixhobo, kunye nokusebenza koxinzelelo

Isatifikethi seWheel Mark sinyanzelisa ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza koxinzelelo, okugqitha ulindelo oluqhelekileyo lwemizi-mveliso. Ii-nozzles zomlilo kufuneka zakhiwe ngezinto ezibonakaliswe ukuba ziyamelana nokusingqongileyo okunokonakalisa kakhulu ulwandle. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya uvavanyo oluqatha lwe-salt spray, kunye nezixhobo ezihambelana ne-MED ezidla ngokufuneka ukuze zinyamezele ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-240 zokuvezwa rhoqo ngaphandle kokonakala komsebenzi.

Ukusebenza koxinzelelo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Phantsi kwe-EN 15182, ii-nozzles zivavanywa nge-hydrostatic ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo. I-nozzle elinganiswe kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo oluphezulu lwe-16 bar kufuneka imelane ngempumelelo noxinzelelo lovavanyo oluphindwe kayi-1.5 loo mali (24 bar) ngaphandle kokuguquka okanye ukuvuza. Amandla okugcina ipateni yokutshiza ehambelanayo kunye nokutshintsha ngokutyibilikayo ukusuka kwi-solid jet ukuya kwi-inkungu ekhuselayo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu aqinisekiswa ngezilingo zomzimba.

Ukumakisha, uxwebhu, kunye nolawulo lwefektri

Uphawu lomzimba luyimfuneko engqongqo ye-MED. I-nozzle yomlilo ehambelanayo kufuneka ibe nelogo yeWheel Mark egximfizwe ngokusisigxina, eqoshiweyo, okanye ebunjiweyo emzimbeni. Olu phawu kufuneka luhambisane nenombolo yokuchonga yeQumrhu eliYazisiweyo eliye lathatha uhlolo lwemveliso (umz., 0575 ye-DNV) kunye namanani amabini okugqibela onyaka uphawu oluncamathiselwe kuwo (umz., '23′ ye-2023).

Amaxwebhu abaluleke kakhulu njengophawu olubonakalayo. Yonke impahla ethunyelweyo kufuneka iquke iSibhengezo sokuThotyelwa (iDoC), uxwebhu olusemthethweni olusayinwe ngumvelisi oluthi izixhobo ziyahambelana ne-MED. Ukuze kugcinwe le meko, iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho wefektri zihlolwa minyaka le yi-Notified Body ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinga leziphene lihlala liphantse libe zero, lihlala lijolise ngaphantsi kwe-0.1% kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko.

IiNozzles zomlilo ze-MED vs ezingezizo ze-MED

Nangona imilomo yomlilo eqhelekileyo yemizi-mveliso okanye kamasipala inokubonakala ifana kakhulu neyeengcali zolwandle, ubunjineli obusisiseko, ukukhethwa kwezinto, kunye nomlando wolawulo kwahlukile kakhulu. Ukuzama ukutshintsha umlomo oqhelekileyo weyunithi eqinisekisiweyo ye-MED kwinqanawa elawulwayo kukusilela okubalulekileyo kokuthobela imithetho okubeka emngciphekweni amandla okuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

Umahluko wokuthobela imithetho kunye novavanyo

Umahluko omkhulu kwezobuchwepheshe usekwe kukuqina kwezinto kunye nobunzima bovavanyo. Ii-nozzles ezingezizo eze-MED zihlala zakhiwa nge-aluminium yodidi oluqhelekileyo okanye iiplastiki ezidityanisiweyo ezilungiselelwe ubunzima kunye nexabiso kwiindawo zamanzi acocekileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-nozzles eziqinisekisiweyo ze-MED kufuneka zisebenzise i-brass yodidi lolwandle, i-gunmetal bronze, okanye ii-alloys ze-aluminium yolwandle eziqinileyo kakhulu ukuthintela ukugqwala kwe-galvanic xa zivezwa emanzini olwandle.

Umahluko wovavanyo ucacile. Nangona umlomo kamasipala unokuvavanywa ngokusebenza okusisiseko, umzekelo we-MED nozzle uvavanywa ngokupheleleyo ngomjikelo wobomi. Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lokuwa kwiidekhi zentsimbi ukusuka kubude obuziimitha ezi-2, ukujikeleza kobushushu obugqithisileyo, kunye nokuvezwa ixesha elide kwiiprofayili zokungcangcazela eziqhelekileyo kumagumbi enjini nakwiidekhi eziphambili.

Urhwebo lwemisebenzi kunye nolweemfuno

Ukuthenga izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo yi-MED kwazisa urhwebo oluthile malunga neendleko kunye nesantya sothungelwano lokubonelela. Uphuculo lobunjineli, izixhobo zeprimiyamu, kunye neendleko zophicotho oluqhubekayo oluhambelana neWheel Mark ziphumela kwiprimiyamu yexabiso ebonakalayo.

Ngokomndilili, umlomo womlilo oqinisekisiweyo yi-MED uxabisa ngaphezulu kwama-30% ukuya kuma-60% kune-equivalent eqhelekileyo yemizi-mveliso. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo ezingqongqo zokulawula umgangatho zinokuchaphazela ukufumaneka. Nangona umlomo oqhelekileyo unokufumaneka eshelufini kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa, ii-odolo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso okanye ezinkulu zee-nozzles eziqinisekisiweyo yi-MED zihlala zithwala amaxesha okukhokela eeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 ukulungiselela ucwangciso lwemveliso yeModule D.

Amanyathelo okuqinisekisa umthengi kunye nendawo yokuhambisa iinqanawa

Kumagosa okuthenga iinqanawa kunye nabaphathi beenqanawa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilomo yomlilo ethengiweyo iqinisekisiwe ngokusemthethweni luxanduva olubalulekileyo. Izixhobo zokhuseleko zomgunyathi okanye ukungalungi kolawulo kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zokusebenza, ukwaliwa kokuhanjiswa kweenqanawa, okanye ukungaphumeleli kophando lonyaka.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa izatifikethi zeWheel Mark

Ukuqinisekiswa kufuneka kwenzeke kwiinkalo ezimbini: amaxwebhu edijithali kunye nokuhlolwa ngokwasemzimbeni. Abathengi kufuneka baqale baqinisekise izatifikethi zeModule B kunye neModule D zomenzi ngokuchasene nesiseko sedatha semveliso seMarED, indawo yokugcina esemthethweni yaseYurophu yezixhobo zaselwandle ezivunyiweyo. Amanani esatifikethi anikezelwe ngumthengisi kufuneka ahambelane nezinto ezisebenzayo kwisiseko sedatha.

Xa befumana ii-nozzles ngokoqobo, abahloli kufuneka babhekisele kwiSibhengezo sokuThotyelwa kweMithetho (i-DoC) kunye neempawu ezikwi-hardware. Inombolo ye-Notified Body kunye nonyaka wokuveliswa okufakwe kwi-nozzle body kufuneka zihambelane ngokugqibeleleyo neenkcukacha ezikwi-DoC. Nakuphi na ukungangqinelani, okufana nesitampu sonyaka esingekhoyo okanye isatifikethi seModule D esiphelelwe lixesha ngexesha lokwenziwa, kwenza isixhobo singathobeli imithetho.

Ukulibaziseka okuqhelekileyo kokufumana izinto kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto

Izixhobo zeSourcing Wheel Mark zihlala zidibana nokungqubana kwezinto, ingakumbi malunga namaxwebhu. ISibhengezo sokuThotyelwa kweMithetho esingekhoyo okanye esibhalwe ngendlela engafanelekanga sinokulibazisa ukuvunyelwa kwerhafu ngeentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7, njengoko abasemagunyeni bezibuko beqhubeka bejonga ukungeniswa kweenqwelo-mafutha zokhuseleko lwaselwandle.

Ukongeza,abathengikufuneka iqwalasele ubungakanani obuphantsi be-oda (ii-MOQ). Ngenxa yokuba ukuseta inkqubo yokuvelisa ehambelana nokulandelela iModule D kufuna izixhobo ezininzi, abavelisi banokubeka ii-MOQ zeeyunithi ezingama-50 ukuya kwi-100 kwiindlela ezithile zokumisela i-nozzle. Ukungaphumeleli ukuqikelela le miqobo kunokuphazamisa amaxesha okwakha iinqanawa okanye kulibazise amaxesha abalulekileyo okugcinwa kweenqanawa.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe emva kwemarike kunye nokutshintshwa kwayo

Umjikelo wobomi bomlomo womlilo uyalela ukuba ukutshintshwa kuya kufuneka ekugqibeleni ngenxa yokuguguleka, ukonakala komzimba, okanye ukulahleka. Xa kutshintshwa umlomo womlomo kwinqanawa elawulwayo, ukutshintshwa kufuneka kube yinto ehambelana ne-1 ukuya kwi-1 MED. Ukusebenzisa umlomo womlomo ongaqinisekiswanga njengesithuba sokuyeka okwethutyana kuyaphula imigaqo ye-SOLAS kwaye kunokwenza izatifikethi zokhuseleko zenqanawa kunye nomshuwalense zingasebenzi ngoko nangoko.

Abaqhubi beenqanawa kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abathengisi beenqanawa emva kwemarike banikezela nge-DoC yokuqala, esayiniweyo kunye nayo yonke i-nozzle yokutshintsha. Ukugcina ugcino lwedijithali nolwenyama lwala maxwebhu ebhodini kuyimfuneko, njengoko abahloli be-PSC beya kuwacela ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo kwenkqubo ephambili yomlilo.

Indlela yokukhetha i-Flower Nozzle efanelekileyo

Ukukhetha umlomo womlilo ofanelekileyo oqinisekisiweyo yi-MED kudlulela ngaphaya kokujonga nje ibhokisi yokuthobela imithetho. Izixhobo kufuneka zihambelane kakuhle neziseko zophuhliso zomlilo ezikhoyo zenqanawa kwaye zihlangabezane neemfuno zamaqhinga zabasebenzi abaza kuyithumela ngexesha likaxakeka. Indlela enobuchule yokukhetha inciphisa iindleko zobomi kwaye iphucula ukhuseleko olungaphakathi.

Iikhrayitheriya eziphambili zesigqibo sokukhetha okufanelekileyo

Iikhrayitheriya eziphambili zokukhetha ziquka ukufanisa ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic ye-nozzle kunye nobuchule bepompo yomlilo yenqanawa. Abathengi kufuneka bachaze izinga lokuhamba elifunekayo kunye noxinzelelo lokusebenza, umzekelo, ukukhetha i-nozzle eyenzelwe iilitha ezingama-400 ngomzuzu (L/min) kuxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomlilo oluyi-6 bar. Ngaphezu koko, i-nozzle kufuneka ifikelele kumgama othile wokuphosa; i-SOLAS ngokubanzi ifuna ukuphosa ubuncinci beemitha ezili-12 kwijethi eqinileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi banokulwa nemililo bekude.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kufuneka kulawulwe yindawo yokufakela. Ii-nozzles ezibekwe kwiidekhi zemozulu, ezivezwe ngqo kwi-sea spray kunye nemozulu embi kakhulu, kufuneka zithande kakhulu i-gunmetal bronze okanye i-brass ukuze zihlale ixesha elide, nangona ubunzima buphantsi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-nozzles ezikwiindawo zokuhlala zangaphakathi zingasebenzisa ii-aluminium alloys ezikhaphukhaphu, eziqinileyo ukunciphisa ukudinwa kwabasebenzi ngexesha lokuthunyelwa.

Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda usebenze kwakhona kunye nokuhlolwa

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokuhlolwa kunye nokulibaziseka okubizayo kokusebenza, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka benze imodeli yomlilo ibe semgangathweni kwiinqanawa zabo. Ukumisela umgangatho kwenza lula uqeqesho lwabasebenzi, kwenza kube lula inkqubo yokuhlolwa kwabahloli, kwaye kunciphisa ubunzima bokuthengwa.

Ngaphezu koko, ukugcina uluhlu oluzinikeleyo lwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo eziqinisekisiweyo sisicwangciso esisebenzayo sokunciphisa umngcipheko. Iindlela ezilungileyo zoshishino zicebisa ukuba kubekho uluhlu lwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ze-10% zee-nozzles eziqinisekisiweyo ze-MED kunye nee-DoCs zazo ezihambelanayo nokuba zikwibhodi okanye kwindawo yokuhambisa impahla ephakathi. Le buffer ithintela ii-odolo zesitayile se-'Aircraft on Ground' (AOG) ezingxamisekileyo zezixhobo zaselwandle, ezinokubangela iindleko zokuthutha eziphezulu ze-200% ukuya kwi-300% ngaphezulu kwamaxabiso aqhelekileyo okuhambisa ukusombulula ukusilela kwe-PSC ngequbuliso.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kunye nesizathu seeNozzles zoMlilo
• Iinkcukacha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko okufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele
• Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso abafundi abanokuzisebenzisa ngoko nangoko

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ithetha ukuthini iWheel Mark kwi-nozzle yomlilo?

Ibonisa ukuba umlomo uhambelana ne-EU Marine Equipment Directive yokusetyenziswa kolwandle. Kwimikhumbi ye-EU-flag, iqinisekisa uyilo oluvunyiweyo, ukusebenza okuvavanyiweyo, kunye nemveliso elawulwayo.

Ngaba zonke ii-nozzles zomlilo ziyafuneka ukuze ube nesatifikethi se-MED?

Hayi. Isatifikethi se-MED siyimfuneko kakhulu kwizixhobo zaselwandle ezisemthethweni kwiinqanawa ezineflegi ye-EU. Ii-nozzles zemizi-mveliso, zezakhiwo, okanye ezingezizo zaselwandle zingasebenzisa ezinye iimvume endaweni yoko.

Ngawaphi amaxwebhu abathengi abafanele bawacele ane-fire nozzle eqinisekisiweyo yi-MED?

Cela iinkcukacha zeWheel Mark, isatifikethi se-MED, ulwazi lwemodyuli olufana ne-B+D, kunye nokulebhelishwa kwemveliso elandelekayo. Oku kunceda ngexesha lophononongo lweklasi kunye nokuhlolwa kweechweba.

Imilomo yomlilo engahambelaniyo nemithetho ingawuchaphazela njani umsebenzi weenqanawa?

Zinokubangela ukusilela kwe-PSC, zilibazise ukwamkelwa kwenqanawa, kwaye zibangele nokubanjwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba iindleko zokutshintshwa, iingxaki zokuhlolwa, kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zokuqesha okanye ze-inshorensi.

Ngaba i-NBWorldFire ingakwazi ukubonelela ngeempumlo zomlilo eziqinisekisiweyo yi-MED kwiiprojekthi zaselwandle?

Ewe. I-NBWorldFire inceda abathengi be-B2B baselwandle nabemizi-mveliso kwihlabathi liphela kwaye inikezela ngezixhobo zokukhusela umlilo eziqinisekisiweyo. Qinisekisa imodeli yomlomo echanekileyo, umda wokuvunywa, kunye nemakethi yendawo oya kuyo ngaphambi kokuba u-odole.