Uvavanyo lokuhamba kwii-valve ezithe tye, ii-valve ze-angle ezifanelekileyo, kunye ne-valve yokukhulula umoya iqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Iqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo oluhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko. Ngokutsho kwe-NFPA 25, ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuvavanya ukuchonga imiba, ukuthintela ukusilela, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Iinkqubo ezithembekileyo zikhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi, zenza uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lube yinyathelo lokhuseleko elingaxoxisiyo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Ukuvavanya iivalvu ezithe tye kudla ngokunceda iinkqubo zomlilo zisebenze kakuhle kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nemitha yokuhamba kunye neegeyiji zoxinzelelo ukujonga ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kuqinisekisaimithetho yokhuseleko iyalandelwa.
• Bhala phantsi iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nokugcinwa kweesweni inkqubokwaye ufumane iingxaki kwangethuba.

Ukulungiselela kunye nokuSeta

Izixhobo kunye neZixhobo zoVavanyo lweValve eNgca

Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo ziyimfuneko kuvavanyo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba kweevalve ezithe ngqo. Amagcisa kufuneka aqokelele zonke izinto eziyimfuneko phambi kokuba aqalise inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle nokuchaneka. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezifunekayo ziquka:

• Iimitha zokuhamba zokulinganisa amazinga okuhamba kwamanzi.
• Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo ukujonga uxinzelelo lwenkqubo.
• Izitshixo kunye ne-screwdrivers zohlengahlengiso lwevalvu.
• Izixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE) ezinje ngeeglavu, iiglasi, kunye neziphefumlo.
• Izixhobo zokurekhoda idatha okanye ii-logbooks zokubhala iziphumo zovavanyo.

Imigangatho yeshishini efana ne-API 607 ​​kunye ne-API 6FA ibonelela ngezikhokelo zokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zovavanyo lwevalvu. Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko nokusebenza. Ukubambelela kule milinganiselo kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kokulindelekileyo kulawulo.

Ukuhlola iValve eNqobileyo kunye neNdlela yeNkqubo

Ngaphambi kokuba baqalise uvavanyo lokuhamba, amagcisa kufuneka ahloleivalve ethe tyekunye namacandelo enkqubo enxulumeneyo. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa imfezeko yenkqubo kwaye ichonge imiba enokuthi ichaphazele iziphumo zovavanyo. Inkqubo yokuhlola ibandakanya le misebenzi ilandelayo:

Umsebenzi woHlolo	Inkcazo
Uhlolo lwangaphandle	Khangela umonakalo obonakalayo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iivalvu zokuvala zikwindawo echanekileyo.
Igumbi eliPhakathi	Qinisekisa ukuba akukho kuvuza.
Uhlolo lwangaphakathi	Ukuqhuba rhoqo ngonyaka ngexesha lovavanyo lohambo.
Izihluzi kunye nezihluzi	Hlola rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela.

Ukongeza, amagcisa kufuneka aqinisekise imeko yee-actuator zevalvu yezandla kunye neegeji zoxinzelelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo ezincedisayo, ezifana ne-solenoid valves kunye nokutshintsha koxinzelelo, zikhona kwaye zisebenza ngokulinganayo. La manyathelo ahambelana nemigaqo yoshishino ukugcina ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.

Ukuqinisekisa uKhuseleko kunye nokuThobela phambi koVavanyo

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwazibalulekile xa kusenziwa uvavanyo lokuhamba kwamanzi kwiivalvu ezithe tye. Amagcisa kufuneka alandele izikhokelo ezisekiweyo zokuzikhusela kunye nabanye ngexesha lenkqubo. Imigangatho yokhuseleko ye-OSHA igxininisa ukubaluleka kovavanyo olufanelekileyo lokuphefumla, olubandakanya:

• Ukukhetha imodeli efanelekileyo yokuphefumla.
• Ukunika imiyalelo malunga nokufaneleka kunye nokulungelelaniswa.
• Ukuqhuba iitshekhi zokutywinwa komsebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka okukhuselekileyo.
• Ukuthintela uvavanyo ukuba iinwele zobuso ziphazamisa isitywina sokuphefumula.

Amagcisa kufuneka anxibe iPPE, kubandakanywa iiglavu kunye neglavu, ukunciphisa ukuchanabeka kwiingozi ezinokubakho. Ukulandela la manyathelo okhuseleko kuqinisekisa indawo yokuvavanya ekhuselekileyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kweemfuneko zolawulo.

Inkqubo yoVavanyo lweNyathelo ngeNyathelo

Ukuvula iValve eNqolileyo yokuHamba kokuQala

Ukuvula iivalve ethe tyelinyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo yovavanyo lokuhamba. Amagcisa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba isivalo sisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye asinazithintelo phambi kokuba siqhubeke. Qalisa ngokujika kancinane isiphatho sevalve kwindawo yaso evulekileyo. Le ndlela ihamba ngokuthe ngcembe ithintela ukunyuka koxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo olungonakalisa inkqubo okanye kubangele ukufundwa okungachanekanga. Ukujonga ukuhamba kwamanzi okuqala kunceda ukuchonga naziphi na izitenxo, ezinje ngokuvaleka okanye ukuvuza, okunokufuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo.

Ngeli nyathelo, amagcisa kufuneka ebeke iliso kwisistimekhupha ifutheukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo luhlala phakathi koluhlu olulindelekileyo. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphambuka kakhulu, lunokubonisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwi-valve okanye ezinye izinto zenkqubo. Ukujongana nale miba kwangethuba kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo elandelayo.

Ingcebiso:Ngalo lonke ixesha unxibe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela (i-PPE) xa uphethe iivalvu ezithe ngqo ukunciphisa ukuba sesichengeni kwiingozi ezinokubakho.

Ukulinganisa isantya sokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo ngokuchanekileyo

Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wesantya sokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lubalulekile ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kwevalve ethe tye. Amagcisa kufuneka asebenzise izixhobo ezilinganisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ichaza izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye noluhlu lokuchaneka kwazo:

Uhlobo Lwesixhobo	Uluhlu oluchanekileyo	Indlela yoLungiso
Deadweight Tester	Ukuchaneka kwe-99.9%.	Isebenzisa imilinganiselo yobunzima obuphambili ngokusekelwe kwidatha ye-NBS; ilungele uvavanyo lwebhubhoratri.
I-Portable Gauge Tester	I-0.25% ukuya kwi-0.5% impazamo	Usebenzisa igeyiji yovavanyo endaweni yobunzima; ilungele izicelo zentsimi.
I-Downhole Gauge (Abazalwana beBhola)	0.2% ukuchaneka	Idatha yeTelemeters kwitshathi/irekhodi; ukuchaneka okuchatshazelwa yindlela yokudlulisa idatha.
Iirekhoda zoMbane	Ukuchaneka kwe-1.0%.	Ilinganisa ukuphambuka kwetyhubhu yeBourdon ngomatshini; ilungele izicelo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
I-Volumetric Prover Tank	N / A	Imilinganiselo yokuhamba kwexesha lokuhamba kolwelo ukuya kwitanki ephawulwe ngokuchanekileyo; engachatshazelwa yi-viscosity yolwelo.
Piston / Ball Provers	N / A	Ukhupha umthamo owaziwayo wolwelo; ivelisa iipulse zombane ukwenzela umlinganiselo ochanekileyo.

Iimitha ezihambayo, ezinjengeetyhubhu zeVenturi okanye iimitha ze-ultrasonic, nazo zibalulekile kumlinganiselo wokuhamba kwamanzi. Ukulinganisa rhoqo kwezi zixhobo kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, iibhubhu ze-Venturi zifuna ukutshekishwa kwexesha usebenzisa i-manometers ukuqinisekisa ukufundwa koxinzelelo. Iimitha ze-Ultrasonic zinokufuna uhlengahlengiso lwe-elektroniki ukuze kunikwe ingxelo ngotshintsho lwangaphakathi olubangelwa kukuhlwa okanye ukubekwa.

Amagcisa kufuneka abhale yonke imilinganiselo kwi-logbook okanye kwisixhobo sedijithali ukwenzela uhlalutyo lwamva. Amaxwebhu ahambelanayo anceda ukulandelela ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngexesha kwaye aqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino.

Ukulungelelanisa kunye nokuphindaphinda iziphumo ezihambelanayo

Ukufumana iziphumo ezihambelanayo kudla ngokufuna ukulungiswa kwiisetingi zevalvu. Amagcisa kufuneka enze utshintsho olongezelelweyo kwindawo yevalvu ngelixa ebeka iliso kwinqanaba lokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo. Le nkqubo iphinda-phinda iqinisekisa ukuba isixokelelwano sisebenza phakathi koluhlu olululo. Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zibalaseleyo zixhasa iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo:

• Lungiselela izixhobo zokuvavanya rhoqo ukugcina ukuchaneka.
• Qinisekisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo phambi kovavanyo ngalunye.
• Coca kwaye uhlole izixhobo zokuthintela iimpazamo zokulinganisa.

Ukuba kukho ukungangqinelani kuyaqhubeka, amagcisa kufuneka aphinde ajonge ivalve ethe tye kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nayo kwimiba enokwenzeka. Umzekelo, izitywina ezigugileyo okanye ukwakhiwa kobutyobo kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwevalve. Ukujongana nezi ngxaki ngokukhawuleza kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo njengoko kucetyiwe.

Phawula:Ukungaguquguquki kwiinkqubo zovavanyo akuphuculi ukuthembeka kuphela kodwa konyusa ukhuseleko ngokuchonga ukusilela kwenkqubo okunokwenzeka kwangoko.

Iintshukumo zasemva kovavanyo

Ukurekhoda kunye nokuhlalutya iDatha yoVavanyo

Ukurekhoda kunye nokuhlalutya idatha yovavanyo kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zokukhusela umlilo. Iingcali kufuneka zibhale amanani okuhamba, ukufundwa koxinzelelo, kunye nokusebenza kwevalvu ngexesha lovavanyo. Le datha isebenza njengereferensi yokuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nemiba eqhubekayo. Iimfuno zogcino zihlala zisanda njengoko iinkqubo zikhula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba amaxwebhu aneenkcukacha zasemva kovavanyo abaluleke kakhulu. Ukungahoywa kweli nyathelo kunokukhokelela ekusileleni kwenkqubo, njengoko kutyhilwe kwi-postmortems yeenkqubo ezingaphumelelanga.

Iindlela ezisemgangathweni zohlalutyo lwedatha ziphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuhambelana. Iiprojekthi ezifana ne-FlowCAP zibonisa ukubaluleka kohlalutyo lwedatha oluzenzekelayo ngokuyithelekisa nengcaphephe ye-manual. Ezi ndlela ziqinisekisa imfuno yokurekhoda ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokutolikwa kweziphumo zovavanyo lokuhamba. Amagcisa kufuneka asebenzise izixhobo zedijithali okanye ii-logbooks ukugcina iirekhodi ezicwangcisiweyo, ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino.

Ukubuyisela iNkqubo ekuLungelelweni kokuSebenza

Ukubuyisela iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo ekulungiseleleni ukusebenza kubandakanya imisebenzi emininzi yokugcina. Amagcisa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba onke amacandelo asebenza ngokuchanekileyo emva kovavanyo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ichaza iprothokholi ecetyiswayo esekwe kwimigangatho yeNFPA 25:

Umsebenzi woLondolozo	Ukuphindaphinda	Isalathiso esivela kwiNFPA 25
Vavanya izixhobo zemiqondiso yokulawula	Ngonyaka	13.2.8.2
Sebenzisa iivalvu zolawulo ngoluhlu olupheleleyo	Ngonyaka	13.3.3.1
Iiswitshi zokulawula ivalve yokulawula	Ngesiqingatha sonyaka	13.3.3.3.5.1
Flow test preventers backflow	Ngonyaka	13.7.2.1
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic lwemibhobho	Rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5	6.3.2.1

Amagcisa kufuneka ahlole iivalvu zolawulo, amacandelo enkqubo ecocekileyo, kwaye ahlengahlengise izixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. La manyathelo abuyisela inkqubo kwisimo sayo sokuqala, ilungele ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka.

Ukucwangcisa uVavanyo oluQhelekileyo lokuHamba kweeVavu eziNqolileyo

Uvavanyo lokuhamba rhoqo kwiivalvu ezithe tye lubalulekile ekugcineni ukuthembeka kwenkqubo. Iindlela zokusebenza ezingcono kwishishini zicebisa ezi zicwangciso zilandelayo:

1. Yenza uhlolo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha ukuchonga umonakalo okanye ukunxiba.
2. Sebenzisa iiprothokholi zokucoca ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwediphozithi.
3. Buyisela iidiaphragm ezisekelwe kwiimeko zokusebenza kunye nezikhokelo zomenzi.
4. Lungiselela iindlela ezizenzekelayo zolawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba.
5. Gcina iilog ezineenkcukacha zemisebenzi yolondolozo kunye nokuhlolwa.

Ezi zicwangciso ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kweevalvu ezithe tye. Ukucwangcisa iimvavanyo ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo kunceda amagcisa abone imiba kwangoko, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo. IYuyao World Fire Fighting Equipment Factory igxininisa ukubaluleka kokulungiswa okukhawulezileyo ukukhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi.

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Uvavanyo lokuhamba ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zokukhusela umlilo. Uvavanyo lwarhoqo luqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye ichonge imiba enokubakho kwangethuba. Amanyathelo aphambili abandakanya iivalvu zokuhlola, izinga lokuhamba kokulinganisa, nokubuyisela iinkqubo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibalaselisa ukuphindaphindwa kovavanyo olucetyiswa yimigangatho yoshishino:

Umgangatho	Ukuphindaphindwa koVavanyo
AWWA	Rhoqo kwiminyaka eyi-10
I-NFPA	Rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5

Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lukhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi ngokufanelekileyo.

FAQ

Leliphi isantya esicetyiswayo sovavanyo lokuqukuqela kweevalvu ezithe ngqo?

Imigangatho yoshishino icebisa uvavanyo lweevalvu ezithe tye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 ukuthobela. Nangona kunjalo, iYuyao World Fire Fighting Equipment Factory incoma uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusekelwe ekusebenziseni inkqubo kunye neemeko.

Kutheni umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokuqukuqela ubalulekile?

Umlinganiselo wokuqukuqela ochanekileyoiqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokukhusela umlilo ihambisa amanzi aneleyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Ikwanceda ekuchongeni imiba enokwenzeka, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko.

Ngaba amagcisa angenza uvavanyo lokuhamba ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo?

Hayi, amagcisa afuna izixhobo ezilinganisiweyo njengeemitha zokuqukuqela kunye neegeyiji zoxinzelelo. Ezi zixhobo ziqinisekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo, ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nokuthotyelwa kokhuseleko.