Iivalve zokumisa umlilo zisebenza njengezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lomlilo. Bavumela abacimi-mlilo ukuba badibanise i-hoses kunikezelo lwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwecandelo ngalinye levalvu, njengeivalve yokumisa enemisonto yabasetyhinikwaye iivalve yokumisa yobhedu, impembelelo ngqo kwimpumelelo yemizamo yokuphendula umlilo. A egcinwe kakuhle3 indlela yokumisa ivalveiqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi okugqibeleleyo ngexesha likaxakeka.
Iindidi zeeValufa zokuHlalisa uMlilo
Iivalve zokumisa umlilo ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, nganye eyenzelwe izicelo ezithile kuzo zombini iindawo zoshishino kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Ukuqonda ezi ntlobo kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukusabela okusebenzayo komlilo.
Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yiIValve yokuHlala yeHydrant yoMlilo. Le valve isebenzisa iintsimbi ezinganyangekiyo ku-corrosion, iphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina. Idibanisa ngokulula kwimibhobho yomlilo, ivumela abacimi bomlilo ukuba bafikelele emanzini ngokukhawuleza ngexesha likaxakeka.
Olunye uhlobo yiUhlobo lwe-Flange lokuHlalisa iValve. Le valve ineziqhagamshelo ezomeleleyo ezibonelela ngokuthembeka okuphuculweyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu luyinkxalabo, okwenza kube yinto ekhethwayo kwizicelo zoshishino.
I3 Indlela yokufika kwiValveixhasa iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo eziguquguqukayo. Ivumela usetyenziso oluguquguqukayo, ivumela ii-hoses ezininzi ukuba zixhumeke ngaxeshanye. Olu phawu lubalulekile ngexesha leemeko zikaxakeka ezinkulu apho ukuhamba kwamanzi okukhawulezayo kubalulekile.
Kwiindawo zokuhlala, iivalve ezineimidibaniso enemisontozihlala zikhethwa. Bafuna indawo encinci kwaye benze lula ukufakela. Ngokuchaseneyo,imidibaniso ene-flangedzithandwa kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukujongana noxinzelelo lomgca ophezulu ngokukhuselekileyo.
| Uhlobo lweValve | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| IValve yokuHlala yeHydrant yoMlilo | Isebenzisa iintsimbi ezinganyangekiyo kukutya ngokukhuselekileyo. |
| Uhlobo lwe-Flange lokuHlalisa iValve | Ifaka uqhagamshelo olomeleleyo lokuthembeka okuphuculweyo. |
| 3 Indlela yokufika kwiValve | Ixhasa iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo eziguquguqukayo, ezivumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi. |
Ngokuqonda ezi ntlobo zeevalvu zokumisa umlilo, abantu ngabanye banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga neenkqubo zabo zokukhusela umlilo.
Amacandelo aPhambili eeValuvu zokuHlala koMlilo
Umzimba weValve
Umzimba wevalve usebenza njengeyona nto iphambili yevalve yokumisa umlilo. Igcina onke amanye amacandelo kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuhamba kwamanzi.Abavelisi bahlala besenza imizimba yevalvuukusuka kwizinto ezifanaubhedu, i-aluminiyam, kunye nentsimbi engenasici. Isixhobo ngasinye sibonelela ngeempawu ezizodwa eziphucula ukusebenza kwevalve:
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Iipropati |
|---|---|
| Ubhedu | Yomelele, yomelele, yomelele ngokugqwesileyo, imelana nomhlwa |
| Aluminiyam | Ikhaphukhaphu, yomelele, ayinyangeki kumhlwa |
| Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo | Yomelele, ixhathise ukunxiba nokukrazuka |
Ubume kunye nobukhulu bomzimba wevalvu ichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhamba kwamanzi. AUyilo oluthe ngqo lunciphisa ukuxhathisa ukuhamba kunye nesiphithiphithi. Olu yilo luvumela amanzi ukuba ahambe kakuhle, afikelele ngokukhawuleza apho aya khona. Ukuhla koxinzelelo oluphantsi kubangelwa kolu yilo, olubalulekileyo ekugcineni imijelo yamanzi eqinile ngexesha likaxakeka.
- Uyilo oluthe ngqo lunciphisa isiphithiphithi, luvumela ukuhamba kwamanzi alula.
- Ukuhla koxinzelelo oluphantsi kunceda ukugcina imijelo yamanzi enamandla, ebalulekileyo kwiimeko zokucima umlilo.
- Ubungakanani obubambeneyo bunceda ukufakela nokugcinwa lula.
Isiqu seValve
Isiqu sevalve lelinye icandelo elibalulekileyo leevalvu zokumisa umlilo. Ilawula ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwevalve, ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuhamba kwamanzi. Uyilo lwesikhondo sevalve, ngokukodwa iimpawu ezifana nesiqu sokuthintela ukuvuthela, kuphucula ukusebenza ngokulula ngexesha likaxakeka. Olu luyilo luvimbela isiqu ukuba sikhutshwe ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kunye nokukhawuleza.
Ngokutsho kwe-ISO 12567, ivalve kufuneka yenzelwe ukukhusela isiqu ekukhutshweni xa izixhobo zokusebenza okanye zokutywina zisusiwe. Le mfuneko iphakamisa ukhuseleko ngexesha likaxakeka lomlilo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba i-valve stem ihlala ilungile, ivumela ukusebenza okuthembekileyo.
Iivenkile
Iindawo zokuphuma ziindawo zoqhagamshelo kwivalve yokumisa umlilo apho imibhobho incamathela khona. Ukulungelelaniswa kweendawo ezahlukeneyo kuchaphazela ukuhambelana nezixhobo zokucima umlilo. Ukuqonda olu lungelelwaniso kunceda ekuqinisekiseni imisebenzi esebenzayo yokucima umlilo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ichaza ulungelelwaniso oluqhelekileyo lokuphuma:
| Uhlobo loqwalaselo | Inkcazo | Impembelelo kwiZixhobo zokucima umlilo |
|---|---|---|
| Iklasi I | 2 1/2″ ukudityaniswa kombhobho kubacimi bomlilo | Uqinisekisa ukuhamba okwaneleyo kwimisebenzi yokucima umlilo |
| Udidi II | Imibhobho efakwe ngokusisigxina kunxibelelwano lwe-1 1/2″ | Ibonelela ngofikelelo olukhawulezileyo kumanzi okucima umlilo |
| Udidi III | Umxube weKlasi yoku-I kunye neKlasi yesi-II | Inikeza ukuguquguquka kwizicwangciso zokucima umlilo |
Iimpawu kunye neeGaskets
Izitywina kunye neegaskets zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni intembeko yeevalvu zokumisa umlilo. Banqanda ukuvuza kwaye baqinisekise ukuba amanzi ahamba ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo. Izitywina ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neegaskets ziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezi zixhobo kunokuthintela ukungaphumeleli okunokwenzeka ngexesha likaxakeka.
Imisebenzi yezahlulo zeValve yokuHlalisa uMlilo
Ulawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi
Iivalvu zokumisa umlilo zidlala indima ebalulekileyoukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ngexesha lemisebenzi yokucima umlilo. Badibanisa inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi lwangaphakathi lwesakhiwo, evumela abacimi bomlilo ukuba balawule ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuguqula isibambo se-valve, banokuhlengahlengisa izinga lokuhamba, baqinisekise ukuba amanzi afikelela kwiindawo ezifunekayo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zomzamo wokucima umlilo. Olu lawulo luchanekileyo lubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwemisebenzi yokucima umlilo.
| Umgangatho | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| INFPA 13 | Ichaza ubuncinci bexesha lokuvala iivalvu zolawulo kwiinkqubo zokutshiza umlilo ukuthintela isando samanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi okuthembekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. |
| INFPA 14 | Ulawula iivalvu zokulawula kwiinkqubo zemibhobho emileyo, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuboneleleni ngamanzi kwiimeko zokucima umlilo. |
Ulawulo loxinzelelo
Ulawulo loxinzelelo ngomnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo weevalvu zokumisa umlilo. Ezi zivalo zigcina uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo ngexesha longxamiseko, olubaluleke kakhulu kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo. Basebenza ngokuvumela amanzi ukuba ahambe kumagumbi ahlukeneyo atshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo uxinzelelo. Oku kuqinisekisa imveliso ehambelanayo kwimibhobho yomlilo kunye neenkqubo zokutshiza, ukuthintela ukuguquguquka okunokuthi kuthintele iinzame zokucima umlilo.
- Iimpompo zomlilo zonyusa uxinzelelo lwamanzi xa unikezelo lubuthathaka.
- Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo zijonga uxinzelelo lwangoku lokulandela umkhondo lula.
- Imibhobho eyomeleleyo iyimfuneko yokujongana noxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphandle kokuvuza.
- Iinjineli zihlala zisebenzisa imimandla yoxinzelelo kwizakhiwo ezide, nganye inempompo yayo kunye neevalvu ukugcina uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo.
Ukukwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo ngokufanelekileyo kuthintela ukubethelwa kwamanzi, okungonakalisa imibhobho kunye nezixhobo. Olu khuseleko lubalulekile ekugcineni ukuthembeka kwenkqubo yokucima umlilo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka.
IiNdlela zoKhuseleko
Iindlela zokhuseleko kwiivalvu zokumisa umlilo ziyilelwe ukuthobela imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokhuseleko lomlilo. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuba ii-valve zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, zikhusela zombini izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwimigudu yokucima umlilo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuthobela | Iivalvu zokumisa ze-AIP ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwamazwe ngamazwe. |
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Yenziwe ngezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa ukuze zihlale ixesha elide. |
| Yila | Ifumaneka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuyila ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zokufakela kwiinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo. |
| Ukusebenza | Yenzelwe ukusebenza okuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. |
| Isiqinisekiso | Yenziwe phantsi kweenkqubo ze-ISO eziqinisekisiweyo zomgangatho kunye nokusebenza. |
Ezi mpawu zokhuseleko azigcini nje ukwandisa ukuthembeka kwee-valve zokumisa umlilo kodwa zinegalelo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kweenkqubo zokukhusela umlilo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iivalvu zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo, zinceda ukukhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi ngexesha likaxakeka.
ULondolozo lwezona Nkqubo ziLungileyo kwiiValuvu zokuHlalisa uMlilo
Ukugcina iivalve zokumisa umlilo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kwazo ngexesha likaxakeka. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, iinkqubo zokucoca, kunye neendlela zokuthambisa zinegalelo elikhulu kubomi obude kunye nokusebenza kwezi zixhobo zibalulekileyo.
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunceda ukuchonga imiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba inyuke. Imimiselo yokhuseleko lomlilo incoma amaxesha athile okuhlolwa:
| Ukuphindaphinda koHlolo | Izinto Zihloliwe |
|---|---|
| Yonke imihla / Ngeveki | Iigeyiji, iivalvu, iinxalenye zevalvu, uhlolo lwetrim, iiassembly zokuthintela ukugeleza ngasemva, i-standpipe |
| Ngenyanga | Iigeyiji, iivalvu, iinxalenye zevalvu, uhlolo lwetrim, inkqubo yempompo yomlilo, iiassembly zokuthintela ukuqukuqela ngasemva, i-standpipe |
| Ngekota | Izixhobo ze-alarm, ukudityaniswa kwesebe lomlilo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye neevalve zokunceda, ukudibanisa i-hose |
| Ngonyaka | Umbhobho omileyo, iivalvu, amacandelo evalvu, uhlolo lwetrim, inkonzo yomlilo yabucala |
| Umjikelo weminyaka emi-5 | Uphando lwesithintelo sangaphakathi, iivalvu, uhlolo lwezixhobo zevalvu |
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunceda ukufumanisa ukunxiba kunye nokubola, oku kunokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini kwecandelo. Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwevalve kuhlala kungaphazamiseki, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi ngenxa yezinto ezingalunganga.
Iinkqubo zokucoca
Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokucoca zibalulekile ekugcineni amacandelo evalvu yokumisa umlilo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ichaza iindlela ezicetyiswayo zokucoca:
| Inkqubo yokucoca | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Anti-umhlwa Coatings | Gcoba izinto zokugquma ukuthintela umhlwa kunye nomhlwa kumalungu evalvu. |
| Ukuhlolwa rhoqo | Yenza uhlolo ukuze kubonwe iimpawu zokuqala zerusi kunye nomhlwa. |
| Iibrashi zocingo / ukuqhunyiswa kwesanti | Sebenzisa ezi ndlela ukususa umhlwa okhoyo kwiivalvu. |
| Isicelo se-Rust Inhibitor | Faka isicelo se-inhibitors okanye i-primers emva kokucoca ukukhusela umonakalo kwixesha elizayo. |
| Ukutshintshwa Kwezahlulo Ezidlekileyo | Faka endaweni yawo nawaphi na amalungu adleke kakhulu ukugcina ukusebenza. |
Ukuphumeza ezi nkqubo zokucoca kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iivalvu zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Iindlela zokuthambisa
Ukuthambisa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile kwiukuthembeka kokusebenzayeevalvu zokumisa umlilo. Izithambisi ezicetyiswayo ziquka:
- Fuchs FM Grease 387 for hydrants.
- Gwema igrisi yebakala lokutya ene-acetate.
Ukuthambisa rhoqo kunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokugqoka, ukuthintela umonakalo ongaphambi kwexesha. Ikwabonelela ngokhuselo olukhuselayo kumswakama kunye nezinto ezibolayo, eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukulandela imiyalelo yomenzi yokuthambisa rhoqo kwandisa ukusebenza kwevalve kunye nobomi.
Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye nokuJonga iNgxaki kwiiValuvu zokuHlalisa uMlilo
Ukuvuza
Ukuvuza kwiivalvu zokumisa umlilo kunokuvela kwizinto ezininzi. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukuguga, umonakalo, ukufakela okanye ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga, ukwakhiwa kokungcola, kunye nemiba enxulumene nokuvalwa kwevalve. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa kweevalvu kunceda ukufumanisa ukuvuza kwangethuba.
Ingcebiso:Sebenzisa iteknoloji ye-acoustic emission ukuchonga iindawo ezivuzayo kwiivalvu ezivaliweyo. Le ndlela ibeka iivalvu ezivuzayo zokuzihlukanisa ngokusekwe kwimpembelelo yazo ekulahlekeni kokuzihlukanisa komjikelo, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulungiswa kwe-ROI.
Ukulungisa ukuvuza ngokufanelekileyo, qwalasela ezi ndlela zilandelayo:
| Indlela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Itekhnoloji ye-Acoustic Emission | Uchonga ukuvuza kwiivalvu ezivaliweyo, ezinceda ekubekeni phambili ukulungiswa. |
Ukonakala
Umhlwa ubeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo kumalungu evalvu yokumisa umlilo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo. Izinto ezinegalelo ekudlekeni ziquka ubukho besinyithi esingafaniyo, i-electrolyte eqhubayo, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Amanzi ashiyekileyo ekuhlolweni nasekuxinaniseni angakhawulezisa ukumila komhlwa.
Ukunciphisa umhlwa, sebenzisa la manyathelo okuthintela:
- Khetha izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kulwakhiwo lwevalvu.
- Sebenzisa iingubo ezikhuselayo ukukhusela kwizinto ezisingqongileyo.
- Ukuqhuba ulondolozo lwarhoqo ukuze kulungiswe naziphi na iintsilelo kulwakhiwo.
Ukuncamathelwa kweValve
Ukunamathela kwi-valve kunokwenzeka ngexesha likaxakeka ngenxa yephutha lomntu okanye ukuphathwa kakubi. Abasebenzi banokulibala ukuqinisa iiflange emva kokulungiswa, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakubi. Ukungabikho konxibelelwano ngexesha lokutshintsha utshintsho kunokubangela ukuba ulwazi olubalulekileyo luphoswe.
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuncamathela kwevalvu, qwalasela ezi ndlela zolondolozo:
- Yenzaukuhlolwa rhoqo ukujonga umhlwa okanye umhlwa.
- Coca ngaphakathi kwikhabhinethi ukususa uthuli kunye nenkunkuma.
- Lubricate ivalve ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ngokujongana nale miba eqhelekileyo, iivalve zokumisa umlilo zinokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo, ziqinisekise impendulo esebenzayo yomlilo xa kufuneka.
Ukuqonda amacandelo evalvu yokumisa umlilo kubalulekile ekucimeni umlilo okusebenzayo. Ezi zixhobo ziqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi okuthembekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kweevalve zokumisa umlilo kwandisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukunyamekela okufanelekileyo kuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba abacimi bomlilo banokuphendula ngokukhawuleza xa isibini ngasinye sibala.
FAQ
Yintoni injongo yesivalo sokumisa umlilo?
Iivalve zokumisa umlilo zidibanisa i-hoses kumanzi, okwenza ukuhamba kwamanzi okusebenzayo ngexesha lemisebenzi yokucima umlilo.
Kufuneka zihlolwe kangaphi izivalo zokumisa umlilo?
Zihlole rhoqo iivalvu zokumisa umlilo, rhoqo ngenyanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza kakuhle kwaye uchonge imiba enokubakho kwangethuba.
Ziziphi izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiivalve zokumisa umlilo?
Abavelisi ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa ubhedu, i-aluminiyam, kunye nentsimbi engenasici kwiivalvu zokumisa umlilo ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-09-2025